Pterygia occur more often in people who spend a great deal of time outdoors, especially in sunny climates.  Long-term exposure to ultraviolet (UV) rays and chronic eye irritation from dry, dusty conditions seems to play an important causal role.  A dry eye condition may contribute to pterygia development.  Pterygia are more often seen in people from tropical climates and are very prevalent in Hawai’i.

How is a pterygium treated?

When a pterygium becomes red and irritated, eye drops or ointments may be used to help reduce the inflammation.  These eye drops are usually artificial tears, but occasionally, anti-inflammatory eye drops may be required.  Sunglasses to protect the eyes from UV light are very important to aid against the progression of the pterygium.  If the pterygium is large enough to threaten sight or if it causes significant irritation, it can be removed surgically.  Dr. McMann is an expert on pterygium surgery having been Fellowship trained in dealing with the most difficult and aggressive pterygia.  He utilizes the latest surgical techniques to include tissue glue and amniotic membrane transplantation.

Despite proper surgical removal, the pterygium may return, particular in young people.  Even after the pterygium is removed, the underlying area may have some persistent redness.
   
What is a Pinguecula?
 

A pinguecula is a yellowish patch or bump on the white of the eye, most often on the side closest to the nose.  It is not a tumor, but a thickening of normal tissue resulting in a deposit of protein and fat.  A pinguecula may also be a response to chronic eye irritation or UV sunlight exposure.

How is a pinguecula treated?

No treatment is necessary unless it becomes inflamed.  A pinguecula does not grow onto the cornea or threaten sight.  Lubrication with artificial tears helps to relieve the irritation.  Occasionally, anti-inflammatory drops may be used briefly.  Sunglasses protect the eye from UV light and are a very important protective measure in Hawai’I against both pinguecula and pterygia.